Reform efforts across North America
The Center for Building in North America’s goal is to drive change in construction through research. We track reform efforts – through model code proposals, legislation, and executive action – across a number of building systems in the United States and Canada, which you can find on this page.
For corrections, updates, or questions about information on this page, contact William Skudlarek at william@centerforbuilding.org.
Explore the Map
Explore the Map
Map / List
About
Canada
United States
Canada
Updated: January 18, 2025
British Columbia
Updated: January 18, 2025
In June 2024, Jensen Hughes released a report prepared for the British Columbia Ministry of Housing on single-stair apartment buildings. A week later, the province's housing minister told The Globe and Mail that he expected legislation to be introduced in the fall to allow single-stair apartment buildings up to six stories, with up to four units per floor. On Aug. 29, the province announced that the code has been updated, with the exact text published online a few days later.
Vancouver
Updated: May 20, 2026
In Feb. 2025, Vancouver's chief building official recommended that Vancouver City Council decline to adopt British Columbia's single-stair provisions, which he considered "not well suited to the Vancouver context." He instead recommended that the Council direct him to consult with the city's fire chief to recommend their own language for more space-efficient egress in small multifamily buildings. The report suggested that potential alternatives might include scissor stairs or a single exterior stairway.
In Dec. 2025, the Vancouver Building By-Law was updated to allow single stair buildings up to six stories. The code section, which took effect in Jan. 2026, is a modified version of the British Columbia conditions that require an exterior stairway to be provided to eliminate the risk of smoke accumulation in the stairway.
Edmonton
Updated: July 12, 2025
On Oct. 8, 2024, the City of Edmonton released a report saying that it was developing a guideline to encourage developers and architects to submit plans for a variance through its alternative solutions process for single-exit apartment buildings taller than those allowed by the Alberta Edition of Canada's National Building Code. The report also mentioned that "[v]ariances approved through this process can be used by the Government of Alberta to inform future updates to the prescriptive portions of the codes," and may be considered for province-wide bulletins that would enable the development of such buildings across Alberta.
Ontario
Updated: May 20, 2026
The government of Ontario wrote on April 10, 2024 that after releasing a new edition of the province's building code, it intends to "consult with fire-safety stakeholders on single-exit stair in small residential buildings."
This topic had also been discussed in the 1990s when the provincial government commissioned a report recommending code changes for “Mainstreets Development.” At the time, stakeholders were concerned at the cost of requiring sprinklers and fire departments did not support the concept. In 2012, the Ontario Building Code was updated to require sprinklers in new buildings over three stories regardless of the number of exits.
Toronto
Updated: January 22, 2025
In June 2024, LMDG published a report for the City of Toronto about the feasibility of allowing single-stair buildings, finding that it would be feasible to allow single-stair apartment buildings up to four stories. Toronto does not have the authority to write its own building code, so as an interim step while Ontario reconsiders the provincial code, the city's chief building official wrote to Toronto City Council to recommend that it issue guidance to developers to use the document to prepare "alternative solution proposals" to seek permission to build single-stair apartment buildings in the city.
Center for Building in North America, Inc.
Brooklyn, New York
Design Studio Folder
Development Carlo Schlatter
General contact
info@centerforbuilding.org
Stephen Smith, Executive director
stephen@centerforbuilding.org